GLOSSARY
At this juncture it is interesting to check some terms that pertain to the two main subjects addressed in this blog: art and religion. It should help the readers understand the content of the articles posted so far and get more information. The terms have been arranged alphabetically in order to make the glossary ‘easy on the eye.’
ALIENATION
(n): the feeling that you have no
connection with the people around you: alienación
‘Depressed people
frequently feel a sense of alienation from those
around them.’
ARTWORK
(n):
an object made by an artist, e.g. a painting: obra de arte
ATONEMENT
(n): [formal] something that you do to show that you
are sorry for something bad that you did (a sin); in Christian theology it also
means the reconciliation between God and mankind through Jesus Christ: expiación
TO
ATTAIN (v): [formal] to succeed in getting something: alcanzar, lograr
‘Art can be a means to attain enlightenment.’
AWE
(n):
a feeling of great respect sometimes mixed with fear or surprise: sobrecogimiento, temor reverencial
‘They experienced a
tremendous sense of awe in the cathedral.’
TO
BEHOLD (v): [beheld, beheld] [archaic or literary]
to look at someone or something: contemplar
‘Those who have beheld the beauty of the desert
never forget it.’
TO
BESTOW (v): [formal] to give something as an honour or
present: conceder, conferir
‘The university bestowed and honorary degree upon/on her.’
CANVAS
(n): a
piece of a strong, rough cloth used for painting on: lienzo
CATHARTIC
(adj): an activity or experience that causes/fosters a
process of releasing strong emotions in a way that helps you to understand
those emotions: catártico
‘A drama which makes
you cry and laugh can be a cathartic
experience.’
TO
CONVEY (v): to express a thought, feeling, or idea
so that it is understood by other people: expresar,
transmitir
‘His poetry conveys a great sense of religious
devotion.’
CRUCIFIX
(n):
a model or picture representing Jesus Christ on a cross: crucifijo
TO
DEPICT (v): to represent or show something in a
picture or story: representar, describir,
retratar
‘His paintings depict the lives of ordinary people in
the last century.’
TO
EPITOMIZE (v): to be a perfect example of a quality or
type of thing: personificar, encarnar
‘This film epitomizes the spirit of the 1960s.’
ESCHATOLOGY
(n):
the part of theology concerned with death, judgement, and the final destiny of
the soul and of humankind: escatología
EVIL
(adj): morally bad, cruel, or very unpleasant; (in the
religious realm) associated with the forces of the devil: malvado, da/maligno, na
‘In the book, they were
driven out of the house by an evil spirit.’
EVOCATIVE
(adj): making you remember or imagining something
pleasant: evocador, ra
‘Her new book is
wonderfully evocative of village
life.’
FORERUNNER (n): something or someone that acts as an early and less advanced model for what will appear in the future, or a warning or sign of what is to follow: precursor, ra
FRESCO
(n): [plural form frescoes or frescos]
a picture that is painted on a wall or ceiling while the plaster is still wet: fresco
‘This church is famous
for its frescoes.’
TO
GO DOWN IN HISTORY (v): to be or do something so important
that it will be recorded in history: pasar
a la historia
THE
GOSPELS (n): [Christianity] any of the four books of
the Bible that contain details of the life and teachings of Jesus Christ: Evangelios
HIERATIC
(adj): severe and inscrutable (an expression on the face):
hierático, ca
HUMBLENESS
(n):
the good quality of not being proud or not believing that you are important: humildad
ICON
(n):
a very famous person or thing considered as representing a set of beliefs or a way of life:
icono
ISOLATION
(n):
the condition of being alone, especially when this makes you feel unhappy: aislamiento
MARTYR
(n):
a person who suffers very much or is killed because
of their religious or political beliefs, and is often admired because of it: mártir
MARTYRDOM
(n):
an occasion when someone suffers or is killed because
of their religious or political beliefs: martirio
MUNDANE
(adj): of this earthly world rather than a heavenly or
spiritual one: mundano
‘The Japanese elevated
the mundane practice of drinking tea
to a spiritual discipline.’
MYSTIFYING
(adj): making somebody confused because they do not
understand something: de difícil comprensión
o explicación
OIL
(n):
coloured paint containing oil used for painting pictures: óleo
OTHERWORLDLY
(adj): more closely connected to spiritual things than to the ordinary things of life:
de otro mundo
‘The children in the picture look delicate and otherworldly, as though they had
never run or played.’
PAINTING
(n):
a picture made using paint: pintura,
cuadro
PALM
FROND (n): a long leaf of a tree that grows in hot
countries and has a tall trunk with a mass of long
pointed leaves at the top; in
Christian iconography it represents the victory of martyrs,
or the victory of the spirit over the flesh: hoja de palma
TO
PORTRAY (v): to represent or describe someone
or something in a painting, film, book, or other artistic work: retratar
TO
RENDER (v): to express or perform something: representar, reproducir
‘The artist has rendered the stormy sea in dark
greens and browns.’
TO
SEEK (v): [formal] [sought, sought] to try to obtain or
achieve something: buscar (algo/hacer
algo)
‘This artist has always sought to render his wistfulness accurately.’
SPONSOR
(n):
a person or organization that publicly supports something or somebody, even by
giving money: patrocinador
SUBJECT
MATTER (n): the things that are being talked or
written about, or used as the subject of a piece of art: tema
‘The artist was
revolutionary in both subject matter
and technique.’
THEOLOGY
(n):
phillosophically oriented discipline of
religious speculation and apologetics that is
traditionally restricted, because of its origins and format, to Christianity but that may
also encompass other
religions, including especially Abrahamic faiths (Judaism and Islam). The themes of
theology include God, humanity, the world, salvation, and eschatology (the study of
last times): teología
THOUGHT-PROVOKING
(adj): making people think seriously about a particular
subject or issue: que hace pensar
‘Her artworks are
brilliant and thought-provoking.’
TIMELESS
(adj): having a value that
is not limited to a particular period but will last forever:
eterno, intemporal
‘His paintings pose
many timeless philosophical and
spiritual questions.’
TO
UNDERGO (v): [underwent, undergone] to experience something that is unpleasant or something that involves a change: experimentar, someterse a
‘This work of art has recently undergone a major work of restoration.’
TO
UPHOLD (v): [upheld, upheld] to defend or keep a principle
or law: sostener, defender, mantener
‘We must rigorously uphold our original principles.’
WISTFULNESS
(n):
a slightly sad feeling caused by thinking about something that you would like
to have, especially something in the past that you can no longer have: melancolía, nostalgia
WORLDLY
(adj): relating to or consisting of physical things and ordinary life rather than spiritual things: mundano
‘Which is more
important, the worldly existence or
the heavenly one?’
WORSHIP
(n):
the practice of showing respect for God or a god, by saying prayers, singing
with others, etc.; a ceremony for this: culto
‘Men have always played
an active part in leading worship
while women have been confined to more passive roles.’
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